Current Situation and Existing Problems of Logistics Equipment Development in China
1, the definition of logistics equipment and type
Logistics equipment is the completion of logistics activities of the tools and means, is the organization of logistics and material technology base. Leaving a certain material technical conditions, any logistics activities will be unable to carry out. Transportation, storage and storage, loading and unloading handling, circulation processing, packaging, information processing and so need the corresponding logistics equipment. The so-called logistics equipment is necessary for the logistics activities necessary for complete sets of buildings and artifacts, the organization of physical circulation involved in a variety of machinery and equipment, transport, storage facilities, station, electronic computers, communications equipment. The function and type of logistics equipment is based on the activities of the logistics gradually formed, according to different standards can be classified as follows:
① According to the equipment-specific functions can be divided into transport equipment, storage and storage equipment, handling equipment, distribution processing equipment, packaging equipment, information processing equipment.
② According to the equipment in the logistics activities in a considerable position, can be divided into fixed equipment and activities equipment. Fixed equipment such as railways, highways; bridges and tunnels, stations, ports, warehouses and other buildings I activities such as trains, cars, ships, mobile loading and unloading equipment.
③ According to the equipment in the logistics activities in the scope of services, can be divided into enterprise （production） logistics equipment and social （supply and marketing） logistics equipment. Enterprise logistics equipment is the enterprise part of the fixed assets, belonging to the enterprise's own equipment, such as the enterprise transport vehicles, railway special lines, loading and unloading handling machinery, packaging machinery, warehousing construction: social logistics equipment is for social logistics services, Public facilities, such as transport routes, bridges and tunnels, stations, ports and so on.
2, China's logistics equipment development status quo
Since the late 1970s, China's logistics equipment has been rapid development, the rapid growth of the number of logistics and transportation equipment, technical performance is becoming increasingly modern, container transport has been rapid development. With the application of computer network technology in logistics activities, advanced logistics equipment system is emerging, China has the ability to develop large-scale loading and unloading equipment and automated logistics system. In general, the development of China's logistics equipment is reflected in the following aspects.
① the overall number of logistics equipment increased rapidly. In recent years, China's logistics industry has developed rapidly and has received great attention from all levels of government. In this context, the overall number of logistics equipment has increased rapidly, such as transportation equipment, storage equipment, distribution equipment, packaging equipment, handling equipment Such as forklifts, cranes, etc.）， logistics information equipment.
② the automation level of logistics equipment and the degree of information has been improved. In the past, our logistics equipment is basically a manual or semi-mechanized, the work efficiency is low. However, in recent years, the logistics equipment in its level of automation and information on the degree of “set the improvement, the efficiency has been greatly improved.
③ the basic formation of the logistics equipment production, sales and consumption system. Previously, there is often a demand for logistics equipment, but it is difficult to find the corresponding production enterprises, or logistics equipment production is due to imperfect sales system, lack of demand, resulting in the production of logistics equipment can not be completed and so on. At present, the logistics equipment production, sales, consumption system has been basically formed, the domestic has a number of professional logistics equipment manufacturers, logistics equipment sales of professional companies and a number of logistics equipment consumer groups, making the logistics equipment in the production and sales , The consumption of the system gradually improved and developed.
④ logistics equipment in all aspects of logistics have been a certain application. At present, both in the production of production enterprises, warehousing, circulation of the transport, distribution, logistics center of the packaging processing, handling handling, logistics equipment have been a certain application.
⑤ specialization of new logistics equipment and new technology logistics equipment continue to emerge. With the logistics of the various segments of the continuous refinement, with the needs of customers to meet the needs of the logistics services to increase demand, new logistics equipment and new technology logistics equipment continue to emerge. These devices are specifically for a logistics part of the logistics operations, a special commodity, a special customer to provide the equipment, its high degree of specialization.
3, China's logistics equipment development of the main problems
In recent years, the rapid development of logistics so that advanced logistics equipment has been applied, but on the whole point of view the development of China's logistics equipment can not meet the requirements of the new logistics tasks in the new century, specifically the following aspects:
① logistics infrastructure construction diversified investment too little. China's logistics infrastructure for a long time less investment, the development of relatively slow. Although in recent years also built some of the more advanced warehousing and logistics facilities, but overall, low-end applications more, the 20th century, 50-60 years of construction of the warehouse is still in use, automated warehouse and other high-end storage shelves But also rare, the use of computer information management of the modern warehouse less.
② China is still in the initial stage of the development of logistics equipment, both the lack of industry standards, and no industry organizations, resulting in a variety of logistics equipment standards are not unified, poor convergence of each other.
③ a large number of logistics equipment suppliers, but generally small scale, the development is not standardized.
④ logistics companies only focus on the quality of a single device and selection, there is no overall consideration of how the entire system to achieve optimization.
⑤ most of the logistics enterprises will continue to use the price as the primary factor in the choice of logistics equipment, while ignoring the internal quality and safety indicators of the inspection.
⑥ part of the logistics enterprises on the role of the lack of adequate understanding of the equipment in the system planning, design with blindness, resulting in the use of inconvenience or waste of resources.
⑦ logistics equipment management has not been widely incorporated into the content of logistics management, logistics equipment utilization is not high, equipment idle time is longer.